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Skystreak: An Early NASA Research Plane that Set Two World Speed Records

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Photo: NASA
In the world of aviation, pushing the boundaries of speed has always been a captivating endeavor. NASA, the renowned space agency, has not only ventured into the cosmos but has also played a crucial role in the development of advanced aircraft. One such remarkable achievement is the D-558-I Skystreak, an early NASA research plane that set not one but two world speed records. In this article, we delve into the history, development, accomplishments, and significance of the Skystreak, which remains an enduring testament to NASA’s innovation and dedication to aviation progress.

The Need for Advanced Planes

Photo:
NASA

During the 1940s, a time of significant advancements in aviation, aircraft were rapidly approaching the speed of sound. However, to continue pushing the limits of flight, safer and more sophisticated planes were required. NASA, then known as NACA (National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics), along with the Bureau of Aeronautics and the U.S. Navy, recognized the necessity for aircraft designed to handle supersonic speeds while ensuring the safety of pilots.

Development of the D-558-I Skystreak

In February 1947, the Douglas Aircraft Company began the construction of the D-558-I Skystreak at El Segundo. This sleek and clinical-looking aircraft was intended to achieve speeds beyond those of any other plane at the time. The powerful Allison J35-A-11 engine, known for its enormous power, was Skystreak's power source. However, safety was paramount, and instead of conventional seats, the Skystreak featured an emergency ejector device in the nose.

Tragedy and Triumph

The Skystreak’s pursuit of record-breaking speeds was not without challenges. In May 1948, tragedy struck when a broken component of the engine caused a crash that claimed the life of Skystreak pilot Howard Clifton Lilly. Despite this setback, the Skystreak achieved impressive results, setting world record speeds not once but twice.

Skystreak’s Record-Breaking Accomplishments

In August 1947, Cmdr. Turner F. Caldwell piloted the inaugural Skystreak and achieved an average speed of 640.743 mph, breaking the existing world record. Just a few weeks later, Lt. Col. Marion Carl of the Marines piloted the second Skystreak and reached an average speed of approximately 650 mph. Although the Skystreak didn’t quite hit the speed of sound (approximately 761.2 mph), it marked a significant leap in aviation history.

Legacy and Significance

The D-558-I Skystreak’s groundbreaking achievements paved the way for future advancements in aviation. Its valuable data and insights influenced the design of subsequent aircraft and wind tunnels, enabling even greater progress in the field of aeronautics. The Skystreak project exemplifies NASA’s ability to innovate and contribute to the evolution of aviation technology.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the D-558-I Skystreak stands as an early NASA research plane that made history by setting two world speed records. Its legacy lives on as a symbol of NASA’s dedication to pushing the boundaries of aviation and safety. The Skystreak’s accomplishments have left an indelible mark on the aviation industry, inspiring further advancements and shaping the future of flight.
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